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A
BEAR CASE OVERVIEW
Numerous
key macroeconomic indicators look bad Debt is at historic highs and
keeps growing while credit quality is deteriorating. The economic activity pulse is
weak. The balance of trade deficit is
over the 5% of GDP "danger zone" and keeps growing. Dollar slide trend shows no sign
of reversing. A sliding dollar tends to scare foreign investors, encouraging sell-offs of their shares in the U.S. equity markets and their holdings of U.S. bonds. If the dollar continues to slide, the Fed may need to raise interest rates to attract foreign investors to help finance America's burgeoning deficits. Rising interest rates can crimp business recovery and reduce stock values further. Earnings growth for American
companies is still lackluster. The global economy is still
stalled out with no near term turn around in sight. In one sense, this really is a "war," that is, rather than operate in muddy trenches while sacrificing lives, the contestants work grueling hours under substandard conditions with low paychecks to achieve the same ultimate goal as in most shooting wars, that is, gain market share or command of natural resources that translate into enhanced national economic, military, and political power. Please remember that a manufacturing base is part of the total power equation, which is why Sherman's troops in the Civil War and Allied bombers in World War II leveled every manufacturing facility they could strike at. If being an American citizen is comparable to belonging to an American "union;" Chinese workers are analogous to "strikebreakers" in the global economy. As a point of fact, the Chinese "miracle" has had a militaristic/nationalistic struggle tinge to it, to the extent that the Chinese government has made it a practice to place active duty Red Chinese Army officers in charge of newly privatized industries. A Chinese firm controls both ends of the Panama canal, and American "free trade" goods have gone into Chinese ICBMs that can now incinerate our major cities. (c.f. the video interview of global investment gurus Jim Rogers, Marc Faber, and Daniel Yergin which validates many of the key points in this Bear Case Overview, and includes an extensive, albeit "gushing" discussion of China. Marc Faber claims the U.S. dollar has to drop 80% before the U.S. will become competitive with the Chinese RMB currency. Click to the "Riverside Conversations" interview. Although this has a Dutch language introduction, the interviewees speak in English.) The overall U.S. stock market
valuation remains high. The stock market decline has
hurt business and government. Interest rates are at historic
lows and seem to have no way to go but back up. America's money supply is
growing at torrid pace threatening to ignite serious inflation. Risks of "shocks" is
high, particularly related to oil, terrorism, and financial system
meltdown. As for a possible financial system meltdown, many bears believe that there are still a lot of other "Enrons" and "LTCM's" out there waiting to happen (Long Term Capital Management is the hedge fund that blew up in 1998). A prime suspect is Dow Company JP Morgan Chase, implicated along with Citigroup in suspect dealings with Enron, and which has over 20 trillion (twice America's GDP) in derivatives exposure, whose counterparty risk and deal structure quality is open to question. The LTCM blow up required a coordinated Fed/bank bailout to avoid a financial meltdown. The problem is that JP Morgan Chase is on an order of magnitude 100 to 1000 times larger and may not be "containable" if it blows up. (J.P. Morgan is being sued along with Citigroup for allegedly helping Enron set up bogus offshore entities, also, as mentioned elsewhere, it is being sued by Blanchard &. Co. for alleged gold market manipulation. The company has been experiencing profitability problems in its retail banking operations, and many critics claim that they can only guess what is going on in the derivatives area). ...This does not include American bank exposure to third world countries such as Brazil and Argentina that are unlikely to ever repay their debts. Pat Buchanan wrote about the most recent crisis in "Bailing Out Brazil or Robert Rubin?" (Aug 14, 2002) in which the Bush Administration stepped in on behalf of the big banks to stave off the day of reckoning one more time. As Buchanan points out, although the third world debt problems started with prior administrations, no one wants to be in the wheelhouse when the ship hits the reef. This is actually ominous information, because it implies that we have top policy makers who are in fact desperately trying to "keep up appearances" at all costs while sweeping major problems under the rug that only get larger and messier over time and morph and reemerge in other places. Pat Buchanan wrote on January 27th that he thinks the global economy could be on track to crash. Financial risk to
American corporations has increased because the high amount of debt they
have absorbed in their capital structure. As an example, according to
Adam Barth in "The
Collapse of the Inverse Pyramids," in regard to the thirty
"blue chip" companies that make up the Dow Jones industrial
average, "The Dow’s net tangible assets are presently leveraged
at a 6/1 ratio- a capital structure bearing far greater resemblance to a
hedge fund than a prudently financed corporation." Policies
on a government, corporate, Wall Street, and national media level Symptom suppression and feedback
distortion. Misleading inflation reports. How policymakers may have put
the gold and silver barometer of inflation to sleep for a while. In Dec 2002, Blanchard & Co., the largest retailer of physical gold in America, filed a $2 billion anti-trust law suit against Barrick Gold Corp and J.P. Morgan Chase for "unlawfully combining to actively manipulate the price of gold" and making $2 billion in short-selling profits by suppressing the price of gold at the expense of individual investors. James Sinclair, lauded by Forbes magazine as a successful CEO of a precious metals trading company and gold mining firm, accuses the Fed and Treasury of using an Exchange Stabilization Fund and other tools to manipulate gold as well as currencies. He provides a brief history of the ESF, created by Congress in 1934, and some insight into how it manipulates markets in his Dec 5, 2002 guest editorial "What is the Difference between Stabilization and Manipulation?" Go to www.jsmineset.com and type the title of the article in the search box. Manipulation of commodities
markets and general stock market. ...a quick editorial remark... So in other words, if John Embry is correct, Alan Greenspan's Federal Reserve policy has been a major adversary of gold, yet in his younger years Dr. Greenspan was an ardent supporter of gold. Ayn Rand's laissez faire, libertarian capitalist philosophy is generally against big government and Fed intervention, yet Dr. Greenspan's Fed has presided over one of the most proactive Feds in history in terms of money expansion and support for deficit Federal spending. This dovetails with a theme I reinforce at the end of this report about the need for the American people and their policymakers to resolve inconsistencies, establish credibility, and sort things out. (Jim Rogers thinks Greenspan's policies as Fed Chairman have been a disaster, as pointed out in his excellent 22 Oct 2002 article "For Whom the Closing Bell Tolls" archived at www.jimrogers.com). Could a headstrong guns and
butter policy drive us to double digit inflation? The Bush Administration has proposed a $500 billion deficit, or some huge number like that (it keeps changing, and the real number, that probably includes government "slush" accounts, is probably much larger). Our national debt is officially around $6.5 trillion (again, who knows what it really is, unless one can somehow uncover and figure out all of the "off balance sheet" and social security-related obligations) and is now perhaps somewhere around 65% of America's $10 trillion GDP. As a general rule of thumb, when a nation's debt gets over 100% of GDP, it runs into a serious danger of falling into a liquidity trap. In fear of this, in the late 1990's, Sweden and Canada slammed on the austerity brakes to bring down their national debt levels just in the nick of time. There is currently no sign this is happening in America, in fact, quite to the contrary. Fed Governor Ben S. Bernanke and Chairman Alan Greenspan have stated publicly that they are willing to err on the side of trying to inflate our way out of tight spots. As mentioned elsewhere in this report, Alan Greenspan recently expressed concern about a liquidity trap in his recent Congressional testimony. In the aforementioned video interview with Marc Faber and Jim Rogers, the two individuals claim that the Fed is clearly signaling that inflation is ahead. Corporations need to rebuild
credibility. Major Wall Street firms still
need to show they know what they are doing. The national media has been a
big part of the problem. Certain
overall patterns may suggest something more serious A movie running backwards? Worse than Japan? Are we overly
"grid-locked" when it comes to handling the REAL problems? Lew Rockwell argues that America's policy makers are too steeped in inappropriate Keynesian economic ideology to adequately diagnose and cure our economic ills (c.f. "George W. Keynes" and "Keynes Rules From the Grave" in his archives) Rockwell's "Austrian" school of economics (www.mises.org), whose proponent Friedrich von Hayek has been idolized by Forbes magazine, emphasizes saving, prudent investment, cost control, and free markets as the true path for viable economic growth. Keynesian economics emphasizes utilizing credit expansion and deficit government spending to stimulate overall demand. This can be great for pork barrel politicians and big money center bankers looking to boost loan volume, but tough on Joe Average American when he finds out that he is tapped out on unsecured debt while overextended business owners have to cut back on jobs. Lets rewind the tape here for a moment and recollect that "Deficit spending is simply a scheme for the confiscation of wealth" according to Dr. Alan Greenspan (as mentioned elsewhere in this report) performed by people who might hold the "shabby secret of the welfare statist's tirade against gold." Forbes business writer and CBS Market Watch commentator Peter Brimelow argue that most Americans are ideologically blind to trends that are permanently altering the country's social fabric, undermining core values, increasing welfare and other "drag" costs to the economy while decreasing its overall level of social and economic efficiency (cf. reviews of his book "Alien Nation" at his site www.vdare.com) From the left, Gore Vidal claims that policy makers are showing some serious inconsistencies in terms of their obligation to support and defend the U.S. Constitution: "The Enemy Within" and "The Last Defender of the American Republic?". (Somewhat paradoxically, there are commentators on the right such as Pat Buchanan and Ron Paul who have been making similar observations as Gore Vidal). Since 1998, the U.S. has lost 13% of its manufacturing jobs, and NAFTA has exacerbated our trade deficits. Go to www.aflcio.org, click on "manufacturing," scroll down and click on "IUC Report: The Crisis in Manufacturing." Complete with narrative, charts, and graphs, this paper talks about the results of policymakers who may be so steeped in internationalist, free trade ideology (or just plain short-sighted greed) that they have forgotten that charity begins at home while they proceed to export manufacturing infrastructure, trade secrets, and skilled, tax-paying jobs overseas to countries that engage in dumping, gross worker exploitation, vicious human rights violations, and use of our technology for hostile purposes. Some "free trade" partners even threaten to become our military enemies, such as China, which makes angry noises at the U.S. over Taiwan and influences North Korea behind the scenes. Much of Saddam Hussein's chemical warfare arsenal (which he freely used in the Iran-Iraq War and is probably hiding right now), was supplied to him by American companies. As another paradox, it was a Democratic President and supposedly ardent friend of organized labor in America, Bill Clinton, who helped push through the North American Free Trade Agreement that organized labor decries as a major policy blunder. Let me summarize here... No evidence yet that we AREN'T
headed towards costly boondoggles and "imperial overstretch." Just as in the case of buying a risky stock or mutual fund, when it comes to foreign policy, it can be a good idea to mentally model in advance the possible outcomes and envision double up, stop loss, or exit strategy points. As the Bush administration and media talk about going into Iraq and taking a hard line towards other countries such as Iran and North Korea, the report cards coming out of Afghanistan are hardly "straight A". (For example, numerous accidental bombings of civilians --to include a wedding, U.S. troops abandoning posts along the Pakistani border, increasing tempo of insurgent operations; (c.f. See SFGate.com also "Details of U.S. Victory are a Little Premature") Are we up against a hydra? As you may recall, the Israeli blitzkrieg failed miserably in its principal objective to root out the PLO; ironically, the PLO is politically stronger and its headquarters is now physically located closer to Jerusalem. Hezbollah, which is funded by Iran and is considered by some to be as dangerous as Al Qaeda, developed the insurgent infrastructure to help eject the Israelis out of Lebanon, and Ariel Sharon has been tainted in the international community by associations with the Shatilla massacre. To make a reference from Greek mythology, the Israelis tried to slice off one hydra head and got three coming back at them. America's quick victory against Iraqi troops in the Kuwaiti desert in the Persian Gulf War was a poster boy of blitzkrieg warfare, complete with massive air support and a huge left hook envelopment of Iraqi forces by massed tank formations. But will the same cookie cutter approach work in other situations? Will "blitzkrieging" and "bulldozing" our way through the urban areas of Islamic countries solve our problems, or will we end up creating more hydra heads like the Israelis did in southern Lebanon? Imagine hearing this from a
Texas Republican. Before we try complex
"nation-building" in Iraq, could our military first try to get
it right in preparing for chemical warfare? My own opinion. Jim Puplava (www.financialsense.com) points out how "things" (commodities and precious metals) rather than paper claims (stocks in general) have been in a "stealth" bull market for the last two years, signaling current rising prices and inflation concerns. If we head towards a stagflatonary scenario similar to the late 1970's, these areas should continue to do well while the overall market may experience a steady slide until it ultimately reaches a historically low P/E and high dividend yield. In 1982 the average P/E was around 7 and the dividend yield on many "blue chip" stocks was around 6%. The Wall Street consensus for the year ahead has been mildly bullish, and I think the odds are that it will be wrong again. The bear arguments I have outlined have not yet been openly absorbed by Wall Street strategists or the general public. My guess is that that full absorption will not be achieved until about two to three years from now. In the 1970's about 25% of American households were into stocks, at the bull market peak by 2000 it got up to 75%. Mutual fund withdrawals have remained relatively subdued despite the market drop. One hellish scenario I haven't even addressed yet is if the public starts to panic and pull their money out of mutual funds all at once. In the aforementioned video interview with Jim Rogers and Marc Faber, Faber claims that Japan's malaise for over a decade has cost Japanese mutual fund companies over 90% of their assets. A couple of years from now, if the public mood starts to really get ugly, paradoxically the market may form its first major bottom and then it may time to start increasing ones exposure to on the long side to general equities. Until then, I would look at sitting on the side lines or leaning towards certain foreign bond funds, short funds, precious metals, commodities or "hard assets"-related funds. America still has ample natural resources and in terms of demographics the equivalent of Germany, Britain, France, and Scandinavia inside its borders, so I do not see us necessarily turning into Argentina or Brazil within the next five to ten years. Once the bad debts get liquidated and the middle class gets unconfused (perhaps after a period of crisis and cynicism to finally figure it out how badly they have been misled), I think we will finally have the basis for a viable rebound. I am reminded of the observation of Friedrich Nietzsche that in order for civilizations to function, they start promoting "white lies" in their public discourse to avoid social conflict. The problem is that generation after generation, the white lies get built on top of each other (and the new generations take too much at face value) to the point that the value systems (and even religious theologies) become inverted and dysfunctional and removed from basic realities of life. Anyone who has watched the movie Gangs of New York knows that American leaders have been making extra efforts to "spin" and smooth over messy problems ever since the War Between the States. But sometimes the smooth talk gets too rich, and "putting your best foot forward" for corporations becomes outright fraud. "Free trade", carried to excess (depending on what kinds of concessions are made), can bleed away a country's competitive advantages and wealth and turn into outright "treason." A lot of this still needs to be uncovered and sorted out. Among other things, we need to motivate American business leaders to get a bit more interested in generating business income to benefit American workers rather than sweat shop operations run by active duty military officers of the Red Chinese Army. Noting the jagged saw tooth downward chart pattern of the S& P 500 index (on a five year chart), some of my more adventuresome clients have tried to play the cyclic bull rallies within the context of the longer term secular bear market. Just remember if you want to be a trader to get out a few months after the market makes its most recent deep dip to avoid getting swept along in the next possible leg down. Two outstanding sources for an in-depth explanation of the bear arguments, complete with charts, graphs, supporting data, and easy to read narrative are: Jim Puplava's "Perfect Storm" and "Storm Watch" series. Although written from 2000-2002, the Perfect Storm Series has been on target so far in predicting the course of the market. It provides good background on how we got into our present state of woes: http://www.financialsense.com/series2/perspectives2.html His Storm Watch updates bring you up to date and are also very good. Archived at: http://www.financialsense.com/stormwatch/oldupdates/main.html David Tice's series of articles for "On Wall Street" magazine archived at: http://www.prudentbear.com/bc_library_RR_onwallstreet.asp. David Tice is manager of the Prudent Bear fund whose home page is www.prudentbear.com. As mentioned earlier, it is well worth scrolling through his PowerPoint presentations at: http://www.prudentbear.com/bc_library_bear_case_home.html.
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